从 XML 生成 PDF

以下代码片段也可以与 Aspose.PDF.Drawing 库一起使用。

从 XML 文档生成 PDF 文档并不是一项简单的任务，因为 XML 文档可以描述不同的内容。Aspose.PDF for .NET 有几种基于 XML 文档生成 PDF 的方法：

• 使用 XSLT 转换
• 使用 XSL-FO（XSL 格式对象）标记
• 使用自有的 Aspose.PDF XML 架构

使用 XSLT 转换生成 PDF 文档

XSL（可扩展样式表语言）是一种用于将 XML 文档转换为其他 XML 文档或 HTML 的样式语言。在我们的案例中，我们可以使用 XML 到 HTML 的转换，然后基于 HTML 数据创建 PDF。

假设我们有一个简单的 CD 目录的 XML 文件（见下文）。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<catalog>
  <cd>
    <title>Empire Burlesque</title>
    <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>Columbia</company>
    <price>10.90</price>
    <year>1985</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Hide your heart</title>
    <artist>Bonnie Tyler</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>CBS Records</company>
    <price>9.90</price>
    <year>1988</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Greatest Hits</title>
    <artist>Dolly Parton</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>RCA</company>
    <price>9.90</price>
    <year>1982</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Still got the blues</title>
    <artist>Gary Moore</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Virgin records</company>
    <price>10.20</price>
    <year>1990</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Eros</title>
    <artist>Eros Ramazzotti</artist>
    <country>EU</country>
    <company>BMG</company>
    <price>9.90</price>
    <year>1997</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>One night only</title>
    <artist>Bee Gees</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Polydor</company>
    <price>10.90</price>
    <year>1998</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Sylvias Mother</title>
    <artist>Dr.Hook</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>CBS</company>
    <price>8.10</price>
    <year>1973</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Maggie May</title>
    <artist>Rod Stewart</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Pickwick</company>
    <price>8.50</price>
    <year>1990</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Romanza</title>
    <artist>Andrea Bocelli</artist>
    <country>EU</country>
    <company>Polydor</company>
    <price>10.80</price>
    <year>1996</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>When a man loves a woman</title>
    <artist>Percy Sledge</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>Atlantic</company>
    <price>8.70</price>
    <year>1987</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Black angel</title>
    <artist>Savage Rose</artist>
    <country>EU</country>
    <company>Mega</company>
    <price>10.90</price>
    <year>1995</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>1999 Grammy Nominees</title>
    <artist>Many</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>Grammy</company>
    <price>10.20</price>
    <year>1999</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>For the good times</title>
    <artist>Kenny Rogers</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Mucik Master</company>
    <price>8.70</price>
    <year>1995</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Big Willie style</title>
    <artist>Will Smith</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>Columbia</company>
    <price>9.90</price>
    <year>1997</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Tupelo Honey</title>
    <artist>Van Morrison</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Polydor</company>
    <price>8.20</price>
    <year>1971</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Soulsville</title>
    <artist>Jorn Hoel</artist>
    <country>Norway</country>
    <company>WEA</company>
    <price>7.90</price>
    <year>1996</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>The very best of</title>
    <artist>Cat Stevens</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Island</company>
    <price>8.90</price>
    <year>1990</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Stop</title>
    <artist>Sam Brown</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>A and M</company>
    <price>8.90</price>
    <year>1988</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Bridge of Spies</title>
    <artist>T`Pau</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Siren</company>
    <price>7.90</price>
    <year>1987</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Private Dancer</title>
    <artist>Tina Turner</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>Capitol</company>
    <price>8.90</price>
    <year>1983</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Midt om natten</title>
    <artist>Kim Larsen</artist>
    <country>EU</country>
    <company>Medley</company>
    <price>7.80</price>
    <year>1983</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Pavarotti Gala Concert</title>
    <artist>Luciano Pavarotti</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>DECCA</company>
    <price>9.90</price>
    <year>1991</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>The dock of the bay</title>
    <artist>Otis Redding</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>Stax Records</company>
    <price>7.90</price>
    <year>1968</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Picture book</title>
    <artist>Simply Red</artist>
    <country>EU</country>
    <company>Elektra</company>
    <price>7.20</price>
    <year>1985</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Red</title>
    <artist>The Communards</artist>
    <country>UK</country>
    <company>London</company>
    <price>7.80</price>
    <year>1987</year>
  </cd>
  <cd>
    <title>Unchain my heart</title>
    <artist>Joe Cocker</artist>
    <country>USA</country>
    <company>EMI</company>
    <price>8.20</price>
    <year>1987</year>
  </cd>
</catalog>

要将此文件转换为 PDF，我们应该创建一个带有 HTML 布局的 XSL。让我们在表格中呈现我们的数据。帮助我们做到这一点的 XSL 文件可能看起来像这样：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
  xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
  <xsl:template match="/">
    <html>
      <body>
        <h2>My CD Collection</h2>
        <table border="1">
          <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
            <th style="text-align:left">Title</th>
            <th style="text-align:left">Artist</th>
          </tr>
          <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
            <tr>
              <td>
                <xsl:value-of select="title"/>
              </td>
              <td>
                <xsl:value-of select="artist"/>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </xsl:for-each>
        </table>
      </body>
    </html>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

因此，我们需要转换 XML 并加载到 PDF 文档中。以下示例展示了这种方法：

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXsltToPdf()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    var XmlContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "XMLFile1.xml");
    var XsltContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "XSLTFile1.xslt");
    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.HtmlLoadOptions();

    // set page size to A5
    options.PageInfo.Height = 595;
    options.PageInfo.Width = 420;

    // Open PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(TransformXmlToHtml(XmlContent, XsltContent), options))
    {
        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "XSLT_out.pdf");
    }
}

public static MemoryStream TransformXmlToHtml(string inputXml, string xsltString)
{
    var transform = new XslCompiledTransform();

    using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(xsltString)))
    {
        transform.Load(reader);
    }

    var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
    var results = new StreamWriter(memoryStream);

    using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(inputXml)))
    {
        transform.Transform(reader, null, results);
    }

    memoryStream.Position = 0;
    return memoryStream;
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXsltToPDF()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    var XmlContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "XMLFile1.xml");
    var XsltContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "XSLTFile1.xslt");
    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.HtmlLoadOptions();

    // set page size to A5
    options.PageInfo.Height = 595;
    options.PageInfo.Width = 420;

    // Open PDF document
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(TransformXmlToHtml(XmlContent, XsltContent), options);

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "XSLT_out.pdf");
}

public static MemoryStream TransformXmlToHtml(string inputXml, string xsltString)
{
    var transform = new XslCompiledTransform();

    using var reader1 = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(xsltString));
    transform.Load(reader1);

    var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
    var results = new StreamWriter(memoryStream);

    using var reader2 = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(inputXml));
    transform.Transform(reader2, null, results);

    memoryStream.Position = 0;
    return memoryStream;
}

使用 XSL-FO 标记生成 PDF 文档

XSL-FO 是一种基于 XML 的标记语言，用于描述 XML 数据的格式，以便输出到屏幕、纸张或其他媒体。Aspose.PDF 有一个特殊的类，可以应用 XSL-FO 标记并获取 PDF 文档。

让我们举个例子。这里是一个包含员工样本数据的 XML 文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<employees>
    <companyname>ABC Inc.</companyname>
    <employee>
        <id>101</id>
        <name>Andrew</name>
        <designation>Manager</designation>
    </employee>

    <employee>
        <id>102</id>
        <name>Eduard</name>
        <designation>Executive</designation>
    </employee>

    <employee>
        <id>103</id>
        <name>Peter</name>
        <designation>Executive</designation>
    </employee>
</employees>

让我们再创建一个文件 - XSL-FO 标记文件，以将员工数据转换为表格。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.1" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" exclude-result-prefixes="fo">
    <xsl:template match="employees">
        <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
            <fo:layout-master-set>
                <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simpleA4" page-height="29.7cm" page-width="21cm" margin-top="2cm" margin-bottom="2cm" margin-left="2cm" margin-right="2cm">
                    <fo:region-body/>
                </fo:simple-page-master>
            </fo:layout-master-set>
            <fo:page-sequence master-reference="simpleA4">
                <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
                    <fo:block font-size="16pt" font-weight="bold" space-after="5mm">
                        Company Name: <xsl:value-of select="companyname"/>
                    </fo:block>
                    <fo:block font-size="10pt">
                        <fo:table table-layout="fixed" width="100%" border-collapse="separate">
                            <fo:table-column column-width="4cm"/>
                            <fo:table-column column-width="4cm"/>
                            <fo:table-column column-width="5cm"/>
                            <fo:table-body>
                                <xsl:apply-templates select="employee"/>
                            </fo:table-body>
                        </fo:table>
                    </fo:block>
                </fo:flow>
            </fo:page-sequence>
        </fo:root>
    </xsl:template>
    <xsl:template match="employee">
        <fo:table-row>
            <xsl:if test="designation = 'Manager'">
                <xsl:attribute name="font-weight">bold</xsl:attribute>
            </xsl:if>
            <fo:table-cell>
                <fo:block>
                    <xsl:value-of select="id"/>
                </fo:block>
            </fo:table-cell>

            <fo:table-cell>
                <fo:block>
                    <xsl:value-of select="name"/>
                </fo:block>
            </fo:table-cell>
            <fo:table-cell>
                <fo:block>
                    <xsl:value-of select="designation"/>
                </fo:block>
            </fo:table-cell>
        </fo:table-row>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Aspose.PDF 有一个特殊的 XslFoLoadOptions 类，允许应用 XSL-FO 转换。 以下代码片段展示了如何使用这个类与上述示例文件。

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXslfoToPdf()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    // Instantiate XslFoLoadOption object
    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.XslFoLoadOptions(dataDir + "employees.xslt");

    // Open XML file
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "employees.xml", options))
    {
        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "XSLFO_out.pdf");
    }
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXslfoToPdf()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    // Instantiate XslFoLoadOption object
    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.XslFoLoadOptions(dataDir + "employees.xslt");

    // Open XML file
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "employees.xml", options);

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "XSLFO_out.pdf");
}

使用 XSL-FO 标记和 XSL 参数生成 PDF 文档

有时我们需要使用 XSL:param。<xsl:param> 元素通过名称建立一个参数，并可选地为该参数设置默认值。

让我们以之前的例子为例，但稍作修改（添加参数）。样本数据的 XML 文件保持不变，…

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<employees>
    <companyname>ABC Inc.</companyname>
    <employee>
        <id>101</id>
        <name>Andrew</name>
        <designation>Manager</designation>
    </employee>

    <employee>
        <id>102</id>
        <name>Eduard</name>
        <designation>Executive</designation>
    </employee>

    <employee>
        <id>103</id>
        <name>Peter</name>
        <designation>Executive</designation>
    </employee>
</employees>

但在 XSL-FO 标记文件中，我们将添加参数：<xsl:param name="isBoldName"></xsl:param> 并将其应用于 Name 列。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.1" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" exclude-result-prefixes="fo">

 <xsl:param name="isBoldName"></xsl:param>

 <xsl:template match="employees">
  <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
   <fo:layout-master-set>
    <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simpleA4" page-height="29.7cm" page-width="21cm" margin-top="2cm" margin-bottom="2cm" margin-left="2cm" margin-right="2cm">
     <fo:region-body/>
    </fo:simple-page-master>
   </fo:layout-master-set>
   <fo:page-sequence master-reference="simpleA4">
    <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
     <fo:block font-size="16pt" font-weight="bold" space-after="5mm">
      Company Name: <xsl:value-of select="companyname"/>
     </fo:block>
     <fo:block font-size="10pt">
      <fo:table table-layout="fixed" width="100%" border-collapse="separate">
              <fo:table-column column-width="4cm"/>
       <fo:table-column column-width="4cm"/>
       <fo:table-column column-width="5cm"/>
       <fo:table-body>
        <xsl:apply-templates select="employee"/>
       </fo:table-body>
      </fo:table>
     </fo:block>
    </fo:flow>
   </fo:page-sequence>
  </fo:root>
 </xsl:template>
 <xsl:template match="employee">
  <fo:table-row>
   <xsl:if test="designation = 'Manager'">
    <xsl:attribute name="font-weight">bold</xsl:attribute>
   </xsl:if>
   <fo:table-cell>
    <fo:block>
     <xsl:value-of select="id"/>
    </fo:block>
   </fo:table-cell>

   <fo:table-cell>
    <xsl:if test="$isBoldName='yes'">
     <xsl:attribute name="font-weight">bold</xsl:attribute>
    </xsl:if>
    <fo:block>
     <xsl:value-of select="name"/>
    </fo:block>
   </fo:table-cell>
   <fo:table-cell>
    <fo:block>
     <xsl:value-of select="designation"/>
    </fo:block>
   </fo:table-cell>
  </fo:table-row>
 </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

要添加 XSL 参数，我们需要创建自己的 XsltArgumentList 并将其设置为 XslFoLoadOptions 中的属性。 以下代码片段展示了如何使用这个类与上述示例文件。

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXslfoToPdfParam_21_7()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    // Instantiate XslFoLoadOption object
    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.XslFoLoadOptions(dataDir + "employees.xslt");

    options.XsltArgumentList = new XsltArgumentList();
    options.XsltArgumentList.AddParam("isBoldName", "", "yes");

    // Open XML file
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "employees.xml", options))
    {
        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "XSLFO_out.pdf");
    }
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXslfoToPdfParam_21_7()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    // Instantiate XslFoLoadOption object
    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.XslFoLoadOptions(dataDir + "employees.xslt");

    options.XsltArgumentList = new XsltArgumentList();
    options.XsltArgumentList.AddParam("isBoldName", "", "yes");

    // Open XML file
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "employees.xml", options);

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "XSLFO_out.pdf");
}

如果您使用的是早于 21.7 的版本，请使用以下技术：

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXslfoToPdfParam_21_6()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    var xmlContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "employees.xml");
    var xsltContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "employees.xslt");

    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.XslFoLoadOptions();

    // Open XML file
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(TransformXsl(xmlContent, xsltContent), options))
    {
        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "XSLFO_out.pdf");
    }
}

public static MemoryStream TransformXsl(string inputXml, string xsltString)
{
    var transform = new XslCompiledTransform();

    // Create own XsltArgumentList
    var argsList = new XsltArgumentList();
    argsList.AddParam("isBoldName", "", "no");

    using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(xsltString)))
    {
        transform.Load(reader);
    }

    var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
    var results = new StreamWriter(memoryStream);

    using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(inputXml)))
    {
        transform.Transform(reader, argsList, results);
    }

    memoryStream.Position = 0;
    return memoryStream;
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXslfoToPdf_Param_21_6()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    var xmlContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "employees.xml");
    var xsltContent = File.ReadAllText(dataDir + "employees.xslt");

    var options = new Aspose.Pdf.XslFoLoadOptions();

    // Open XML file
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(TransformXsl(xmlContent, xsltContent), options);

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "XSLFO_out.pdf");
}

public static MemoryStream TransformXsl(string inputXml, string xsltString)
{
    var transform = new XslCompiledTransform();

    // Create own XsltArgumentList
    var argsList = new XsltArgumentList();
    argsList.AddParam("isBoldName", "", "no");

    using var reader1 = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(xsltString));
    transform.Load(reader1);

    var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
    var results = new StreamWriter(memoryStream);

    using var reader2 = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(inputXml));
    transform.Transform(reader2, argsList, results);

    memoryStream.Position = 0;
    return memoryStream;
}

基于 Aspose.PDF XML 架构生成 PDF 文档

从 XML 创建 PDF 文档的另一种方法是使用 Aspose.PDF XML 架构。使用此图，您可以以与在 HTML 中使用表格布局相同的方式描述页面布局。让我们更详细地考虑这种方法的工作原理。

定义页面

让我们用默认参数定义页面。我们的页面将具有 A4 页面大小，并仅包含一段文本。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
  <Page>
    <TextFragment>
      <TextSegment>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla odio lorem, luctus in lorem vitae, accumsan semper lectus. Cras a auctor leo, et tincidunt lacus.</TextSegment>
    </TextFragment>
  </Page>
</Document>

要生成 PDF 文档，我们将使用 BindXml 方法。

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXmlToPdf()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    // Create PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document())
    {
        // Bind XML file to the document
        document.BindXml(dataDir + "aspose_pdf_demo.xml");

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "XML_out.pdf");
    }
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void ExampleXmlToPdf()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf();

    // Create PDF document
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document();

    //Bind XML file to the document
    document.BindXml(dataDir + "aspose_pdf_demo.xml");

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "XML_out.pdf");
}

要定义新的页面大小，我们应该添加一个 PageInfo 元素。在以下示例中，我们设置了 A5 页面大小和 25mm 和 10mm 的边距。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
  <Page>
    <PageInfo IsLandscape="true" Height="595" Width="420">
      <Margin Top="70.8661" Bottom="70.8661" Left="28.3465" Right="28.3465" />
    </PageInfo>
    <TextFragment>
      <TextSegment>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla odio lorem, luctus in lorem vitae, accumsan semper lectus. Cras a auctor leo, et tincidunt lacus.</TextSegment>
    </TextFragment>
  </Page>
</Document>

在 XML 文件中添加 HtmlFragment 元素

由于 HTML 包含与 XML 类似的标签，因此当您在任何 XML 标签内编写 HTML 时，解析器将其视为 XML 标记，并且它们根本无法被识别为 XML 标签。可以通过在 XML 中使用 “CDATA” 部分来克服此问题。CDATA 部分包含未被解析器解析的文本，换句话说，它不被视为 XML 标记。以下示例 XML 模板展示了如何通过使用 CDATA 在 XML 标记中添加 HtmlFragment。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
  <Page id="mainSection">
    <HtmlFragment>
      <![CDATA[
        <font style="font-family:Tahoma; font-size:40px;">This is Html String.</font>
        ]]>
    </HtmlFragment>
  </Page>
</Document>

在 XML 文件中添加 Table 元素

元素 Table、Row、Cell 用于描述表格。以下代码片段展示了如何使用简单的表格。在此示例中，一些单元格具有 Alignment 属性，并且该属性具有数值：

1. 左对齐
2. 居中对齐
3. 右对齐
4. 两端对齐。文本将在左右边距上对齐。
5. 完全对齐。与 ‘Justify’ 对齐类似，除了最后一行将在 ‘Justify’ 模式下仅左对齐，而在 ‘FullJustify’ 模式下，所有行将左右对齐。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
  <Page>
    <PageInfo IsLandscape="false" Height="595" Width="420">
      <Margin Top="71" Bottom="71" Left="28" Right="28" />
    </PageInfo>
    <HtmlFragment>
      <![CDATA[
        <h1 style="font-family:Tahoma; font-size:16pt;">TIMETABLES ON GREENTOWN-BLUEBERG ROUTE</h1>
        ]]>
    </HtmlFragment>
    <TextFragment>
      <TextSegment>4.1.-28.3.2021 | GREENTOWN → BLUEBERG</TextSegment>
    </TextFragment>
    <Table ColumnAdjustment="AutoFitToWindow" ColumnWidths ="10 10 10 10">
      <DefaultCellPadding Top="5" Left="0" Right="0" Bottom="5" />
      <Border>
        <Top Color="Black"></Top>
        <Bottom Color="Black"></Bottom>
        <Left Color="Black"></Left>
        <Right Color="Black"></Right>
      </Border>
      <Margin Top="15" />
      <Row BackgroundColor="LightGray" MinRowHeight="20">
        <Border>
          <Bottom Color="Black"></Bottom>
        </Border>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Departure</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Arrival</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Weekday</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Ship</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>07.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>09.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Mon-Sat</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Star</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>10.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>12.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Megastar</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>13.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>15.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Star</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>16.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>18.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Megastar</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>19.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>21.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Star</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>22.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>00.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Mon-Fri, Sun</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Megastar</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
    </Table>
  </Page>
</Document>

表格用于文档的布局。例如，我们可以自定义页面标题。在这种情况下，表格用于将标题分为 2 列。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
  <Page>
    <PageInfo IsLandscape="false" Height="595" Width="420">
      <Margin Top="71" Bottom="71" Left="28" Right="28" />
    </PageInfo>
    <Header>
        <Margin Top="20" />
        <Table ColumnAdjustment="AutoFitToWindow">
            <Row>
                <Cell Alignment="1">
                    <TextFragment>
                        <TextSegment>Date: 01/01/2021</TextSegment>
                    </TextFragment>
                </Cell>
                <Cell Alignment="3">
                    <TextFragment>
                        <TextSegment>Page $p / $P</TextSegment>
                    </TextFragment>
                </Cell>
            </Row>
        </Table>
    </Header>
    <HtmlFragment>
      <![CDATA[
        <h1 style="font-family:Tahoma; font-size:16pt;">TIMETABLES ON GREENTOWN-BLUEBERG ROUTE</h1>
        ]]>
    </HtmlFragment>
    <TextFragment>
      <TextSegment>4.1.-28.3.2021 | GREENTOWN → BLUEBERG</TextSegment>
    </TextFragment>
    <Table ColumnAdjustment="AutoFitToWindow" ColumnWidths ="10 10 10 10">
      <DefaultCellPadding Top="5" Left="0" Right="0" Bottom="5" />
      <Border>
        <Top Color="Black"></Top>
        <Bottom Color="Black"></Bottom>
        <Left Color="Black"></Left>
        <Right Color="Black"></Right>
      </Border>
      <Margin Top="15" />
      <Row BackgroundColor="LightGray" MinRowHeight="20">
        <Border>
          <Bottom Color="Black"></Bottom>
        </Border>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Departure</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Arrival</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Weekday</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Ship</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>07.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>09.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Mon-Sat</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Star</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>10.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>12.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Megastar</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>13.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>15.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Star</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>16.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>18.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Megastar</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>19.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>21.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>every day</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Star</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
      <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="2">
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>22.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>00.30</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Mon-Fri, Sun</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
        <Cell>
          <TextFragment>
            <TextSegment>Megastar</TextSegment>
          </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
      </Row>
    </Table>
  </Page>
</Document>

动态更新内容

BindXML() 方法提供了加载 XML 文件内容的功能，而 Document.save() 方法可用于将输出保存为 PDF 格式。然而，在转换过程中，我们还可以访问 XML 内的单个元素，并使用 XML 作为模板。以下代码片段展示了访问 XML 文件中的 TextSegments 的步骤。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
  <Page id="mainSection">
    <TextFragment>
      <TextSegment id="boldHtml">segment1</TextSegment>
    </TextFragment>
    <TextFragment>
      <TextSegment id="strongHtml">segment2</TextSegment>
    </TextFragment>
  </Page>
</Document>

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void CreateDocument()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_DocumentConversion();

    // Create PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document())
    {
        // Bind XML file
        document.BindXml(dataDir + "log.xml");

        // Get reference of page object from XML
        var page = (Aspose.Pdf.Page)document.GetObjectById("mainSection");

        // Get reference of first TextSegment with ID boldHtml
        var segment = (Aspose.Pdf.Text.TextSegment)document.GetObjectById("boldHtml");

        // Get reference of second TextSegment with ID strongHtml
        segment = (Aspose.Pdf.Text.TextSegment)document.GetObjectById("strongHtml");

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "XMLToPDF_out.pdf");
    }
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void CreateDocument()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_DocumentConversion();

    // Create PDF document
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document();

    // Bind XML file
    document.BindXml(dataDir + "log.xml");

    // Get reference of page object from XML
    var page = (Aspose.Pdf.Page)document.GetObjectById("mainSection");

    // Get reference of first TextSegment with ID boldHtml
    var segment = (Aspose.Pdf.Text.TextSegment)document.GetObjectById("boldHtml");

    // Get reference of second TextSegment with ID strongHtml
    segment = (Aspose.Pdf.Text.TextSegment)document.GetObjectById("strongHtml");

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "XMLToPDF_out.pdf");
}

向页面添加图形元素

我们可以向 XML 文档添加其他附加元素：图像或图形对象。以下代码片段展示了如何将这些元素添加到文档中。

<Graph Width="20" Height="20">
  <Circle PosX="30" PosY="30" Radius="10">
    <GraphInfo Color="Red" FillColor="Blue"></GraphInfo>
  </Circle>
</Graph>

<Image File="logo.png" Id = "testImg"></Image>

在将 XML 转换为 PDF 时设置图像路径

以下 XML 模板包含一个 ID 为 “testImg” 的 <Image> 标签。如果您想从代码中设置图像路径，可以在转换过程中访问 XML 模板中的图像元素，并将路径设置为您所需的地址。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Document xmlns="Aspose.Pdf">
 <Page id="mainSection">
    <PageInfo IsLandscape="true">
        <Margin Left="20" Right="20" Top="10" Bottom="30" />
    </PageInfo>
    <Header>
        <Margin Top="20" />
        <Table ColumnAdjustment="AutoFitToWindow">
            <Row>
                <Cell Alignment="1">
                    <Image File="logo.png" Id = "testImg"></Image>
                </Cell>
                <Cell Alignment="3">
                    <TextFragment>
                        <TextSegment>Page $p / $P</TextSegment>
                    </TextFragment>
                </Cell>
            </Row>
        </Table>
    </Header>
    <Table ColumnAdjustment="AutoFitToWindow" ColumnWidths="8 10">
    <DefaultCellPadding Top="0" Left="0" Right="0" Bottom="0" />
    <Margin Top="15" />
    <Row>
        <Cell Alignment="1">
        <!--Logo-->
            <TextFragment>
                <TextSegment> Request ID</TextSegment>
                <TextState FontSize="14" ForegroundColor="#0e4f9c" FontStyle="1" />
            </TextFragment>
            <TextFragment>
                <TextSegment></TextSegment>
            </TextFragment>
            <TextFragment>
                <TextSegment id="boldtext">Some Bold Text</TextSegment>
                <TextState FontSize="14" FontStyle="1"></TextState>
            </TextFragment>
        </Cell>
    </Row>
    </Table>
 </Page>
</Document>

在 XML 模板中设置图像路径的代码如下：

.NET Core 3.1

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void CreateDocument()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_DocumentConversion();

    // Create PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document())
    {
        // Bind XML file
        document.BindXml(dataDir + "input.xml");

        // Get reference of Image with ID testImg
        var image = (Aspose.Pdf.Image)document.GetObjectById("testImg");

        // Set image file
        image.File = dataDir + "aspose-logo.jpg";

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "output_out.pdf");
    }
}

.NET 8

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void CreateDocument()
{
    // The path to the documents directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_DocumentConversion();

    // Create PDF document
    using var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document();

    // Bind XML file
    document.BindXml(dataDir + "input.xml");

    // Get reference of Image with ID testImg
    var image = (Aspose.Pdf.Image)document.GetObjectById("testImg");

    // Set image file
    image.File = dataDir + "aspose-logo.jpg";

    // Save PDF document
    document.Save(dataDir + "output_out.pdf");
}