使用矢量图形

在本章中，我们将探讨如何使用强大的 GraphicsAbsorber 类与 PDF 文档中的矢量图形进行交互。无论您需要移动、删除还是添加图形，本指南将向您展示如何有效地执行这些任务。

介绍

矢量图形是许多 PDF 文档的重要组成部分，用于表示图像、形状和其他图形元素。Aspose.PDF 提供了 GraphicsAbsorber 类，允许开发人员以编程方式访问和操作这些图形。通过使用 GraphicsAbsorber 的 Visit 方法，您可以从指定页面提取矢量图形并执行各种操作，例如移动、删除或将它们复制到其他页面。

使用 `GraphicsAbsorber` 提取图形

处理矢量图形的第一步是从 PDF 文档中提取它们。以下是使用 GraphicsAbsorber 类进行提取的方法：

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void UsingGraphicsAbsorber()
{
    // The path to the document directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_Images();

    // Open the document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics.pdf"))
    {
        // Create an instance of GraphicsAbsorber
        using (var graphicsAbsorber = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicsAbsorber())
        {
            // Select the first page of the document
            var page = document.Pages[1];

            // Use the `Visit` method to extract graphics from the page
            graphicsAbsorber.Visit(page);

            // Display information about the extracted elements
            foreach (var element in graphicsAbsorber.Elements)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Page Number: {element.SourcePage.Number}");
                Console.WriteLine($"Position: ({element.Position.X}, {element.Position.Y})");
                Console.WriteLine($"Number of Operators: {element.Operators.Count}");
            }
        }
    }
}

创建文档对象：使用目标 PDF 文件的路径实例化一个新的 Document 对象。
创建 GraphicsAbsorber 实例：该类捕获指定页面上的所有图形元素。
访问方法：在第一页上调用 Visit 方法，允许 GraphicsAbsorber 吸收矢量图形。
遍历提取的元素：代码循环遍历每个提取的元素，打印页面编号、位置和涉及的绘图操作数量等信息。

移动图形

一旦提取了图形，您可以将它们移动到同一页面上的不同位置。以下是实现此目的的方法：

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void MoveGraphics()
{
    // The path to the document directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_Images();

    // Open PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics.pdf"))
    {
        // Create a GraphicsAbsorber instance 
        using (var graphicsAbsorber = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicsAbsorber())
        {
            // Select the first page of the document
            var page = document.Pages[1];

            // Extract graphic elements from the page
            graphicsAbsorber.Visit(page);

            // Temporarily suspend updates to improve performance
            graphicsAbsorber.SuppressUpdate();

            // Loop through each extracted graphic element and shift its position
            foreach (var element in graphicsAbsorber.Elements)
            {
                var position = element.Position;
                // Move graphics by shifting its X and Y coordinates
                element.Position = new Aspose.Pdf.Point(position.X + 150, position.Y - 10);
            }

            // Resume updates and apply changes
            graphicsAbsorber.ResumeUpdate();
        }

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics_out.pdf");
    }
}

SuppressUpdate：此方法暂时暂停更新，以提高进行多次更改时的性能。
ResumeUpdate：此方法恢复更新并应用对图形位置所做的更改。
元素定位：通过更改每个图形的 X 和 Y 坐标来调整其位置。

删除图形

在某些情况下，您可能希望从页面中删除特定图形。Aspose.PDF 提供了两种方法来实现这一点：

方法 1：使用矩形边界

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void RemoveGraphicsMethod1()
{
    // The path to the document directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_Images();

    // Open PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics.pdf"))
    {
        // Create GraphicsAbsorber
        using (var graphicsAbsorber = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicsAbsorber())
        {
            // Get the first page of the document
            var page = document.Pages[1];

            // Extract graphic elements from the page
            graphicsAbsorber.Visit(page);

            // Define the rectangle where graphics will be removed
            var rectangle = new Aspose.Pdf.Rectangle(70, 248, 170, 252);

            // Temporarily suspend updates for better performance
            graphicsAbsorber.SuppressUpdate();

            // Iterate through the extracted graphic elements and remove elements inside the rectangle
            foreach (var element in graphicsAbsorber.Elements)
            {
                // Check if the graphic's position falls within the rectangle
                if (rectangle.Contains(element.Position))
                {
                    // Remove the graphic element
                    element.Remove();
                }
            }

            // Resume updates and apply changes
            graphicsAbsorber.ResumeUpdate();
        }

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics_out.pdf");
    }
}

方法 2：使用已删除元素的集合

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void RemoveGraphicsMethod2()
{
    // The path to the document directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_Images();

    // Open PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics.pdf"))
    {
        // Create GraphicsAbsorber
        using (var graphicsAbsorber = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicsAbsorber())
        {
            // Get the first page of the document
            var page = document.Pages[1];

            // Define the rectangle where graphics will be removed
            var rectangle = new Aspose.Pdf.Rectangle(70, 248, 170, 252);

            // Extract graphic elements from the page
            graphicsAbsorber.Visit(page);

            // Create a collection for the removed elements
            var removedElementsCollection = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicElementCollection();

            // Add elements within the rectangle to the collection
            foreach (var item in graphicsAbsorber.Elements.Where(el => rectangle.Contains(el.Position)))
            {
                removedElementsCollection.Add(item);
            }

            // Temporarily suppress updates for better performance
            page.Contents.SuppressUpdate();

            // Delete the selected graphic elements
            page.DeleteGraphics(removedElementsCollection);

            // Resume updates and apply changes
            page.Contents.ResumeUpdate();
        }

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics_out.pdf");
    }
}

矩形边界：定义一个矩形区域以指定要删除的图形。
暂停和恢复更新：确保高效删除而不进行中间渲染。

将图形添加到另一页面

从一页吸收的图形可以添加到同一文档中的另一页。以下是实现此目的的两种方法：

方法 1：单独添加图形

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void AddToAnotherPageMethod1()
{
    // The path to the document directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_Images();

    // Open PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics.pdf"))
    {
        // Create GraphicsAbsorber
        using (var graphicsAbsorber = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicsAbsorber())
        {
            // Get the first and second pages
            var page1 = document.Pages[1];
            var page2 = document.Pages[2];

            // Extract graphic elements from the first page
            graphicsAbsorber.Visit(page1);

            // Temporarily suppress updates for better performance
            page2.Contents.SuppressUpdate();

            // Add each graphic element from the first page to the second page
            foreach (var element in graphicsAbsorber.Elements)
            {
                element.AddOnPage(page2); // Add each graphic element to the second page.
            }

            // Resume updates and apply changes
            page2.Contents.ResumeUpdate();
        }

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics_out.pdf");
    }
}

方法 2：作为集合添加图形

// For complete examples and data files, visit https://github.com/aspose-pdf/Aspose.PDF-for-.NET
private static void AddToAnotherPageMethod2()
{
    // The path to the document directory
    var dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_AsposePdf_Images();

    // Open PDF document
    using (var document = new Aspose.Pdf.Document(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics.pdf"))
    {
        // Create GraphicsAbsorber
        using (var graphicsAbsorber = new Aspose.Pdf.Vector.GraphicsAbsorber())
        {
            // Get the first and second pages
            var page1 = document.Pages[1];
            var page2 = document.Pages[2];

            // Extract graphic elements from the first page
            graphicsAbsorber.Visit(page1);

            // Temporarily suppress updates for better performance
            page2.Contents.SuppressUpdate();

            // Add all graphics at once from the first page to the second page
            page2.AddGraphics(graphicsAbsorber.Elements);

            // Resume updates and apply changes
            page2.Contents.ResumeUpdate();
        }

        // Save PDF document
        document.Save(dataDir + "DocumentWithVectorGraphics_out.pdf");
    }
}

SuppressUpdate 和 ResumeUpdate：这些方法有助于在进行批量更改时保持性能。
AddOnPage 与 AddGraphics：使用 AddOnPage 进行单独添加，使用 AddGraphics 进行批量添加。

使用操作符使用 ZUGFeRD